This unit operation model simulates batch evaporation / solvent switch in a stirred vessel. Batch evaporation (also known as single-stage batch distillation) is common in the pharmaceutical industries for removing solvents and concentrating solutions.
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Reactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Seed Reactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Bioreactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Seed Bioreactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Disposable Bioreactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Disposable Seed Bioreactor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Fermentor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Seed Fermentor
● Batch Vessel Procedure in a Disposable Bioreactor
● Inoculum Preparation Procedure in a Rocking Bioreactor
● Inoculum Preparation Procedure in a Roller Bottle
● Inoculum Preparation Procedure in a T-Flask
● Inoculum Preparation Procedure in a Shake Flask
● Inoculum Preparation Procedure in a Test Tube
● Batch 3x3 Generic Box Procedure
● Batch 5x5 Generic Box Procedure
● Batch 10x10 Generic Box Procedure
A component is set as volatile if its ‘Include’ box is checked in the Evaporation Data table that exists in the ‘Mat. Balance’ tab. The user can choose to specify either the evaporation percentages or the relative evaporation fractions of volatile components. A component’s relative evaporation fraction is calculated by dividing the evaporation percentage f that component by the maximum evaporation percentage of all volatile components.
If relative mass evaporations are specified, the user must also specify a measure of evaporation. In Concentration mode, any one of the following variables can be specified: (a) final liquid volume, (b) evaporation volume, (c) concentration factor, or (d) final concentration of a key component. In Solvent Switch mode, the replacement solvent volume (i.e., the volume of the Solvent Switch stream per batch cycle and per equipment unit) must be specified.
The heating requirement is calculated based on the Average Heat of Vaporization and the flowrate of the vapor stream. The average heat of vaporization can be either provided by the user or calculated as the mass-weighted sum of the heats of vaporization of all volatile components at the final temperature. The heating duty for raising the feed streams to the vaporization temperature is also considered.
The evaporation time is either specified by the user or calculated by the program based on the evaporation rate. The user always specifies the evaporation setup time.
See Batch Vessel Operations: Equipment Sizing.
See Vacuum Pump Auxiliary Equipment Calculations.
1. McCabe W. L., J. C. Smith, and P. Harriott. (1993). Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McGraw-Hill.
2. Kern D. Q (1965). Process Heat Transfer, McGraw-Hill.
3. Coulson J. M. and J. F. Richardson, (1978). Chemical Engineering, 2, Pergamon Press.
The interface of this operation has the following tabs:
● Oper. Cond’s, see Batch Vaporization / Solvent Switch: Oper. Conds Tab
● Volumes, see Batch Vessel Operations: Volumes Tab
● Mat. Balance, see Batch Vaporization / Solvent Switch: Mat. Balance Tab (Concentration Mode) and Batch Vaporization / Solvent Switch: Mat. Balance Tab (Solvent Switch Mode)
● Labor, etc, see Operations Dialog: Labor etc. Tab
● Description, see Operations Dialog: Description Tab
● Batch Sheet, see Operations Dialog: Batch Sheet Tab
● Scheduling, see Operations Dialog: Scheduling Tab